Routing optimization and lifetime extension using honeybee optimization method in IoT FSNs

The application of Flying Sensor Nodes (FSN) networks in the Internet of Things (IoT). Routing in FSN depends on the parameters of flight speed and the variety of SNs' movement directions. The challenges of FSNs include SNs mobility and network scalability, routing between flying SNs, and timely data delivery to the base station. Increasing SNs' scalability and mobility increases control packets and overhead.

In this paper, we use the Artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC) optimization method to select the shortest optimal path between SNs, ensure data delivery, reduce control messages, avoid transmitting redundant information, and increase the lifetime in FSNs. For this purpose, we define a dynamic optimization problem whose parameters include residual energy, connectivity degree, speed, workload, and direction of SNs. Then, we propose an algorithm for routing in FSNs based on honey bees. Simulation results show that the proposed model performs better than beeFSN, P-OLSR, TDR-FASNet, and EAUCD protocols in terms of energy consumption and network lifetime.